Wind Turbine Payback in Bath County, VA
Wind turbine payback in Bath County
No. The turbine wears out before it pays for itself.
At 30 m, the height a home turbine tower usually reaches, the wind in Bath County, VA averages 3.37 m/s (7.5 mph). A 10 kW turbine there would make about 3,830 kWh a year, worth $649 at VA's 16.95¢/kWh. Against an installed cost of about $100,000, that is a payback of over 100 years, and the turbine is built to last about 20.
What to do in Bath County
A home turbine is not worth buying for savings in Bath County unless your spot is far windier than the county average, 7.3 m/s at the hub against 3.37 m/s here. Per kW, solar panels would make about 1,168 kWh a year here against the turbine's 383, so get a solar quote first.
What would have to change
- Power would have to cost 131¢/kWh, 7.7 times what VA pays now.
- Or the average wind at the hub would have to be 7.3 m/s instead of 3.37. A taller tower or an exposed ridge can add some of that; a rooftop never will.
Against the rest of VA
Bath County is the 2,653rd windiest of 3,144 US counties at turbine height; the national middle is 4.79 m/s. The windiest in VA is Northampton County at 7.01 m/s, payback 22 years.
Month by month in Bath County
January is the strongest month here, at 4.25 m/s and about 669 kWh. August is the weakest, 2.38 m/s and 95 kWh, so the best month makes 7.0 times the worst. November to March brings in 64% of the year's output in Bath County.
| Month | Wind at 30 m | Output | Worth |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 4.25 m/s | 669 kWh | $113 |
| February | 4.32 m/s | 635 kWh | $108 |
| March | 4.08 m/s | 592 kWh | $100 |
| April | 3.88 m/s | 491 kWh | $83 |
| May | 3.12 m/s | 251 kWh | $43 |
| June | 2.77 m/s | 162 kWh | $27 |
| July | 2.52 m/s | 117 kWh | $20 |
| August | 2.38 m/s | 95 kWh | $16 |
| September | 2.65 m/s | 138 kWh | $23 |
| October | 3.18 m/s | 269 kWh | $46 |
| November | 3.49 m/s | 354 kWh | $60 |
| December | 3.82 m/s | 485 kWh | $82 |
What a taller tower would buy
Measured at 10 m the wind in Bath County averages 2.09 m/s; at 50 m it is 4.2 m/s. That gives a shear exponent of 0.434, typical of rough, sheltered ground: trees or buildings slow the low wind a lot. Going from 20 m to 50 m takes output from 2,104 to 7,623 kWh a year, 262% more, before counting the extra cost of the taller tower. Why tower height decides it explains the shear behind these numbers.
| Hub height | Average wind | Output | Payback |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20 m | 2.82 m/s | 2,104 kWh | over 100 years |
| 30 m | 3.36 m/s | 3,811 kWh | over 100 years |
| 40 m | 3.81 m/s | 5,671 kWh | over 100 years |
| 50 m | 4.2 m/s | 7,623 kWh | 77 years |
Counties around Bath County
4 of the 6 closest counties are windier at turbine height; the windiest, Highland County, averages 3.69 m/s.
- Highland County, VA: 3.69 m/s, 5,121 kWh, payback over 100 years (22 mi)
- Rockbridge County, VA: 3.41 m/s, 3,980 kWh, payback over 100 years (23 mi)
- Pocahontas County, WV: 3.65 m/s, 4,948 kWh, payback over 100 years (24 mi)
- Covington city, VA: 3.37 m/s, 3,830 kWh, payback over 100 years (24 mi)
- Alleghany County, VA: 3.37 m/s, 3,830 kWh, payback over 100 years (25 mi)
- Lexington city, VA: 3.41 m/s, 3,980 kWh, payback over 100 years (25 mi)
Sun versus wind in Bath County
Bath County gets 4 kWh of sunshine per square metre a day on average. One kW of solar panels here would make roughly 1,168 kWh a year; one kW of the turbine above makes 383. Kilowatt for kilowatt, panels make 3.0 times as much here as the turbine. Panel output assumes an 80% system performance ratio. Wind or solar runs the same comparison for every county.
How this is worked out
Wind is NASA's Power climate record, the 2001-2025 average at 10 m and 50 m for the county's centre, carried to 30 m with this county's own measured wind shear and spread into hours with a Rayleigh distribution. The turbine is a generic 10 kW, 7 m rotor machine with 10% losses. Cost is $10,000 per kW installed with no tax credit, because the federal one ended in 2025. One county-centre number cannot see your hilltop or your tree line, so treat it as the starting point for a site survey, not a substitute. The full method and its weak spots are in how the numbers are made.