Wind Turbine Payback in Dubuque County, IA
Wind turbine payback in Dubuque County
No. The turbine wears out before it pays for itself.
At 30 m, the height a home turbine tower usually reaches, the wind in Dubuque County, IA averages 5.97 m/s (13.4 mph). A 10 kW turbine there would make about 19,482 kWh a year, worth $2,835 at IA's 14.55¢/kWh. Against an installed cost of about $100,000, that is a payback of 35 years, and the turbine is built to last about 20.
What to do in Dubuque County
A home turbine is not worth buying for savings in Dubuque County unless your spot is far windier than the county average, 8.1 m/s at the hub against 5.97 m/s here. Per kW, solar panels would make about 1,148 kWh a year here against the turbine's 1,948, so get a solar quote first.
What would have to change
- Power would have to cost 26¢/kWh, 1.8 times what IA pays now.
- Or the average wind at the hub would have to be 8.1 m/s instead of 5.97. A taller tower or an exposed ridge can add some of that; a rooftop never will.
Against the rest of IA
Dubuque County is the 891st windiest of 3,144 US counties at turbine height; the national middle is 4.79 m/s. The windiest in IA is Dickinson County at 6.59 m/s, payback 29 years.
Month by month in Dubuque County
April is the strongest month here, at 6.80 m/s and about 2,106 kWh. August is the weakest, 4.69 m/s and 894 kWh, so the best month makes 2.4 times the worst. November to March brings in 48% of the year's output in Dubuque County.
| Month | Wind at 30 m | Output | Worth |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 6.45 m/s | 1,955 kWh | $284 |
| February | 6.55 m/s | 1,826 kWh | $266 |
| March | 6.53 m/s | 2,005 kWh | $292 |
| April | 6.80 m/s | 2,106 kWh | $306 |
| May | 6.07 m/s | 1,720 kWh | $250 |
| June | 5.35 m/s | 1,231 kWh | $179 |
| July | 4.73 m/s | 913 kWh | $133 |
| August | 4.69 m/s | 894 kWh | $130 |
| September | 5.59 m/s | 1,373 kWh | $200 |
| October | 6.29 m/s | 1,854 kWh | $270 |
| November | 6.42 m/s | 1,876 kWh | $273 |
| December | 6.18 m/s | 1,787 kWh | $260 |
What a taller tower would buy
Measured at 10 m the wind in Dubuque County averages 4.65 m/s; at 50 m it is 6.7 m/s. That gives a shear exponent of 0.227, typical of ordinary open country. Going from 20 m to 50 m takes output from 15,618 to 24,874 kWh a year, 59% more, before counting the extra cost of the taller tower. Why tower height decides it explains the shear behind these numbers.
| Hub height | Average wind | Output | Payback |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20 m | 5.44 m/s | 15,618 kWh | 44 years |
| 30 m | 5.97 m/s | 19,456 kWh | 35 years |
| 40 m | 6.37 m/s | 22,440 kWh | 31 years |
| 50 m | 6.7 m/s | 24,874 kWh | 28 years |
Counties around Dubuque County
4 of the 6 closest counties are windier at turbine height; the windiest, Clayton County, averages 6.07 m/s.
- Delaware County, IA: 6.06 m/s, 20,149 kWh, payback 34 years (25 mi)
- Jackson County, IA: 5.95 m/s, 19,334 kWh, payback 36 years (26 mi)
- Jones County, IA: 6.01 m/s, 19,778 kWh, payback 35 years (26 mi)
- Grant County, WI: 6 m/s, 19,704 kWh, payback 27 years (30 mi)
- Clayton County, IA: 6.07 m/s, 20,223 kWh, payback 34 years (35 mi)
- Jo Daviess County, IL: 5.96 m/s, 19,408 kWh, payback 27 years (35 mi)
Sun versus wind in Dubuque County
Dubuque County gets 3.93 kWh of sunshine per square metre a day on average. One kW of solar panels here would make roughly 1,148 kWh a year; one kW of the turbine above makes 1,948. This is one of the rare places where a kilowatt of turbine out-produces a kilowatt of panels, by 1.7 times. Panel output assumes an 80% system performance ratio. Wind or solar runs the same comparison for every county.
How this is worked out
Wind is NASA's Power climate record, the 2001-2025 average at 10 m and 50 m for the county's centre, carried to 30 m with this county's own measured wind shear and spread into hours with a Rayleigh distribution. The turbine is a generic 10 kW, 7 m rotor machine with 10% losses. Cost is $10,000 per kW installed with no tax credit, because the federal one ended in 2025. One county-centre number cannot see your hilltop or your tree line, so treat it as the starting point for a site survey, not a substitute. The full method and its weak spots are in how the numbers are made.